-Lalremruati Ngente
A khuhhawnna: A ziaktupa ngeiin “…a tak hrula ka ziak ni lo-in a tak tak vek a ni a. A bu chhunga hming lang zawng zawngte pawh an hming tak tak vek a ni (Khâm Kâr Senhri,9)” a tih thawnthu hian mihring nun hlimthla a pho chhuak em? tih a hranpaa chhui chiam ngai lovin, mihring nuna thil thleng ngei chu a rawn pho chhuak tih a tarlang nghal a. Mizo Novelist chhuanvawr te zing ami, a Novel reng reng a, Novel ṭha tehfung pawimawh tak pakhat Plot, Setting leh Character buk tawk thiam em em, a thawnthu chhiar tu ten thawnthu sawi thiam a nihna an hmuh hmaih ngai loh James Dokhuma’n thawnthu thil thleng tak tak a nihna zepbo loa lehkhabu hiala chhawpchhuah a duh tak thawnthu chu eng thawnthu nge ni? Chu thawnthu laimuah chuan eng nge inphum, i han phelhpharh teh ang.
Kham kar senhri thawnthu tlangpui: He thawnthu hi first person(A thawnthua a changtuin ama thil tawn a sawichhuahna) hmanga ziah a ni a, Mixture Method (Direct leh Indirect Narration kaihkawp) hmanga tarlan a ni. He thawnthua a changtu ber Remthanga hi a naupan laiin a pain a thihsan a, a nu chu a chhung ten an rawn hruailet leh bawk si avangin, nu leh pa tel lovin a patea te bulah rethei takin a seilian chho a. Tlema a lo leikan chhoh deuh hnuah, a nu chu pan lehin a nu nen chuan rethei takin an khawsa dun ve naw naw a.
Hmeithai fa, nitin eichawp ngaihtuah ngai leh an retheihna avanga mi pawi sawi hlau reng renga a khawsak lai chuan an khaw ṭhenawm nula hmelṭha, chhungkaw khawsaka a phu loh em em tur Ngaii a tawng ta hlauh mai a. Phu lo hlein inhre mah se, a duhna chuan sawi lo thei loa a siam si avangin, a sawi chhuak ta nge nge a, a rin loh leh a beisei loh takin Ngaii chuan lo duh let ve em em mah se, chhungkaw khawsaka an inthlauhzia leh an inkar zauzia a ngaihtuahin Ngaii nupuia a neih theih nan chuan, fimkhur taka hmalak a ṭul niin a hria a. Chutianga an induhtawn em emna karah pawh rilru fim taka hma an lak chhoh lai chuan Ngaii chhungte lakah hêk an ni a, am inhmangaihna karah chuan harsatna chi hrang hrang a rawn tla zep chho ta a.
Ngaii chhung ten an inkara harsatna an siam avangin mual hla kar dana an inliamsan a ṭul chang te awm ṭhin mah se, hmangaihna avangin chung zawng zawngte chu Remthanga chuan a la tuar dai thei zel a. A awmbo hlana Ngaii’n sipai inleng a neih ṭhin thu leh a nu leh pa ten an duh pui hmel thu mai bakah, amah Ngaii nen pawh an inkawmngeih hmel thu te nen lam a han hriat chuan a thin a tina hle a, remchang zawngin Ngaii chu a han chhuahchhal a, engmah thiamthu a sawi bik tak loh avangin an in\hen chu a ni der mai a. Ngaii te chhungkua Lamka lama an pem tak avang leh Remthanga pawh Shillong lamah sipai ṭan tuma a kal zui tak avangin an inkar chu a hla tial tial a. Nupui pasal an neih ve ve hnu, kum 50 bawr chho an nih hnuah an intawng leh ta chauh a ni.
Khâm Kâr Senhri thawnthu phelhpharhna :
Plot: He thawnthu hi nula leh tlangval inhmangaihna chungchang tarlanna a ni ber a, a changtupa Remthanga leh a “Kham Kâr Senhri” a thliah theih tak loh par nena an inkar thawnthu tarlanna a ni ber. Phek 124 niin, bung 15 a awm a, bung 1na leh bung 2na hi Remthanga mimal nun, a seilen chhoh dan leh a fahrah nun tarlanna a ni ber a. Bung 3na leh bung 4naah nula tlangval inngaihzawnna nun a rawn lang ṭan a, chu chuan a thawnthu laimu (Main Plot) a rawn hlim lang ṭan tawh dawn emaw tih laiin, a ṭhianpa Lalauva leh Chhungi te puarakah a changtu ber Remthanga chu a han ṭang leh te te a, bung 5naah a changtunu Ngaii hmel a rawn lang ṭan a, ‘An inkarah eng thil nge thleng dawn?’ tih ngaihtuahna nen a thawnthu chhiartu ten beisei nei taka kan lo thlir laiin, bung 5na aṭanga bung 9na thleng, bung 5 zet chu a changtupa Remthanga hmalaknain a han luahkhat leh te te a, bung 10naah “Kham Kâr Senhri” leh a neitu inremna biahthu kan hmu ṭan chauh a ni.
Chutiang taka Remthanga’n rem leh rem loa thliah ngei tuma a um zui ṭang ṭang “Kham Kâr Senhri” chu a thawnthu pumpui bung 15 chhunga bung thum, bung 10, 11 leh 12ah a neitu tana mawi taka a vul lai kan thlir laiin, bung 13na a thlen meuh chuan nula tlangval inngaizawngte intihtauh khum sathliah dan ni lo deuh hleka an inkara thil thleng lian tham tak, an damchhung nun her danglam dawrh thei avanga an inkar chhiat thu kan hmu leh a. Bung 14naah Remthanga chuan nunhlui chhuikirin, a “Kham Kâr Senhri” chu zawng leh ngial mah se, a zawn hmuh zawh tak ngang loh avangin bung 15naah chuan, damchhunga a kawppui tur nupui a nei zui leh ta bawk. Bung 15naah hian “Kum 2003-ah Ngaii nen(Kham Kâr Senhri, 122)” tiin a thawnthu tlangkawmnaah Remthanga leh Ngaii intawnna kan hmu a. Vanglai nun te chu mitthlaah lo thar leh mah se, kohkir a daidanna bang sut chhiat rual anih tawh loh avangin a thawnthu tawpnaah chuan, a vul laia Remthanga tana “Kham Kâr Senhri” par mawi tak ni ṭhin Ngaii chuan kum tam tak a ngaihthlak ngai tawh loh Remthanga zai ngaithla chunga tukverha a dah doh doh thu kan hmu a ni.
Heng bakah hian Sub-Plot (Thawnthu Penhleh) ang rengin Remthanga lawmte Lalauva leh Chhungi an rawn lang ve a. Anni pahnih hi Remthanga leh Ngaii suihzawmtu leh hmalak puitu ber an nih chhoh mai bakah, Lalauva phei hi chu a tawp lama an inkar thu chhiat thlenga thu kal lam leh haw lam Remthanga hriattirtu pawh a ni chho ta zel a ni.
Setting: He thawnthu hi Rambuai hma kum 6 kal ta, 1960 vel aṭanga inṭanin, kum 2003 thleng a hawl chho a, a thawnthu laimu ber erawh Rambuai lai 1996-68 chhoa innghat a ni. A thawnthua khaw lo lang hnem ber chu Remthanga te khua,North Hlimen (Kham Kâr Senhri, 12) leh an khaw ṭhenawm Ngaii te khua, Theichangbung (Kham Kâr Senhri, 73) a ni a, a bung tawp lama Shillong leh Lamka (Manipur) te a rawn lang leh zeuh tih loh chu hemi khaw pahnih inkarah hian a thawnthu hi a kal kual deuh ber a ni.
He thawnthu setting a lo lang chiang em em chu, Social setting (A hunlaia mihring nunphung) leh Material setting (An khawsak hmang) a rawn tarlang kawp ṭha em em mai hi a ni. Mizo History a hun pawimawh tak Rambuai laia Mizo khawtlang nunphung, mipuiin rambuai an hmachhawn dan Curfew (Khâm Kâr Senhri 35, 40) Khawkhawm leh vai sipai kara Mizo mipuite hlau thlabar leh thlamuang lo reng renga an khawsak dan (Kham Kâr Senhri, 99) te, Vai sipai laka Mizo ten, vuak, velh, inmana tanin lama inkhung mai bakah hmeichhia ten pawngsual an tawh dan (Kham K^r Senhri, 36) te thlenga a rawn tarlan bakah heng hunlaia Mizo eizawnna lo neih leh nula tlangval inlawm dan (Kham Kâr Senhri, 24) te, nula tlangval inrim dan leh Mizo insak dan leh inchhung bungraw awm dan thlengin min chhawpchhuahsak a.
Chu mai bakah chuan pictorial image/milieu (A ram awmdan leh a chhehvel mitthla theih turin) mawi tak tak rawn tarlan a nei nual bawk a,
“…Chhungi te leikapuiah zan thla êng lawmin kan pawnto a. Fur ruahtui nan bel, favang lai mualzawl vaivut la khu si loah chuan hmeichhe naupang leh mipa naupang pawnto chu an hlim êm êm a. Enghelh leh engto an nei miah lo tih hriat tak hian an infiam chuan nuam an thai a…An sir leikapui thlang lam kilah chuan kei thung chu leikapui tlangban vuanin ngaihbel hla ka lo sa a” (Khâm Kâr Senhri, 32)
“…nghavang lunglên ni chhuak êng fiahfai kâk mai chuan ramngaw thingbuk tin chu a chhun eng hring dup mai a. Zingṭian aṭangin khawvar nghakhlel ni âwm takin vângpui awitu rengchal leh dawlrêmte chuan hla-in ‘lentupui an tih ṭhin chu an awi chur chur a’” (…, 33)
“Kan inhmangaih dân leh kan lo inkawm tawhna thuruk chu, an khaw hlui dai-thlang thingse buk hnuaiah Chawlhni inkhawm aiah, hmangaihna hawrawpin kan thinlung phekah kan lo ziak tawh a…”(…, 102)
“…kei chu tukverh bulah ka ṭhu a, Cachar phai ‘electric’ chu a de chuai chuai mai a, kan ram chu ka chhuahsan vawikhatna a ni bawk a, chung êng zozai chu hmuhnawm ka ti hle. Mi awmhar chi tak ka ni bawk a, ka mittui a sûr zung zung mai a.” …i, 108)
“…Zânlai thla êng hnuaiah ka ‘duty’ a, far thing hnuaiah ka ding ngawi rân mai a. Nun hlui ka dawn kir a, ka lung a lêng em em mai a. Ka chung far hnah chu thlifimin a chhem ri hiau hiau a. Chungte pawh chu ka tân chuan hla mawi tak a tling a ni” (…, 112)
tih te han chhiar hian mitthla leh ngaihtuahna ramah a hmuna awm ve ang main min chântir thei a. A ziaktu ngaihtuahna ṭawmpuiin, a tawngtuah kan inchan thei hial a ni.
Characterization: He thawnthuah hian mi pawimawh tak pahnih Remthanga leh Ngaii an awm a. A thawnthu bulṭanna aṭanga a tawp thleng hian Remthanga nun thawnthu anih deuh ber avangin Remthanga hian hmun pawimawh ber a luah lo thei lo. Ngaii hi a thawnthu pumpuiah a chanve vel aṭangin rawn lang ṭan chauh mah se, a thupui “Khâm Kâr Senhri” nihna neitu anih avang leh a changtu pa ber nunphung her danglam vektu anih avangin a changtu nu nihna dinhmun a rawn luah hneh hle tho a. An ṭhiante Lalauva leh Chhungi te pawh hi a thawnthu laimu (Main-plot) nen an inzawm ṭha hle a. A changtu nu ber Ngaii a lo lan hmaa a thawnthu a kal kual rei lutuk leh a changtu ber dinhmun an rawn luah mai dawn emaw tih tur khawpa Remthanga ai a Lalauva leh Chhungi te inkar thuin hmun a rawn chang hnem lutuk erawh hi chuan chhiar a ti ninawm hman lek lek a ni.
Zauchawii hi rei lote chauh lo lang mah se, misual (villain) a nihna a hlen chhuak ṭhain, Remthanga leh Ngaii te inkara harsatna siam kawngah pawh a che hlawhtling hle a (Khâm Kâr Senhri 82, 90) . Bung 15naah Remthanga nupui Thangpuii a lo lang leh a, ani hi chu C. Ṭhuamluaia Ngurpuii (Kaphleia leh C.Ṭhuamluaia hnuhma, 207)ang deuha Remthanga nun Ngaii vanga thlasik khawvawt paltlang tawh hnu, nipui boruak thianghlim hip tir lehtu leh, “Khâm Kâr Senhri” in a hliamna ser tuamdamtu a ni a. Remthanga leh Ngaii inkara harsatna siama pawt ṭhentu ni lovin, khuarel thil thleng vang zawkin Remthanga nuna hmeichhe pahnih te zinga a vannei zawkah a ṭang ta mai niin a lang a, a thawnthuah hian a bung tawpna tak takah chauh a lan avangin, a thawnthuin a nih tur ang a thlen tawh hnua, lungngaihna thawpik vai kiang turin a rawng lang a ni deuh ber mai.
Anni baka character langsar leh deuh chu Zauchawii hekna avanga Ngaii leh Remthanga pawtṭhentu Ngaii Pa (Kh^m K^r Senhri 92, 106) hi a ni deuh mai a. Character dang lo lang ve Remthanga nu leh a patea te, North Hlimen-a Ngaii thlen in te leh Lalauva chhungte leh Chhungi chhungte lo lang ve zeuh te hi chuan a thawnthu kal lai an ti danglam pha lem lo a, an lo lan ve zeuhna hian a plot aiin setting lamah Mizo chhungkaw nun tilang turin a rawn ṭanpui mah zawk a ni
“Khâm Kâr Senhri” chu minung a ni em? :
He lehkhabu thuhmahruaiah hian a ziaktupa James Dokhuma’n,
“He lehkhabu te tak te KHÂM KÂR SENHRI ka tih hi a tak hrûla ka ziak ni mai lo-in a taktak vek a ni a. A bu chhunga hming lang zawng zawngte pawh an hming taktak vek a ni…Tin, he thawnthu neitu hian ka u Lalṭanpuia hla a sak thiam bâkah ngainatute zinga mi a ni a. Amah a zaithiamin a zaiin Mizo thluak a luh hle a…a nupui ni ta R.L.Rothangpuii pawh a nulat laia ‘Radio Artist’ ni phâk ngat a ni a. Innei awm tak pawh an ni rêng mai. Tûnah hian la upa vak lo takin nupa kawpchawi rem tak niin an khawsa mek a ni. - February ni 2, 2005” (Khâm Kâr Senhri 9, 11)
a tih te leh, a chhung thu tawp lama a changtu pa Remthanga’n,
“Kan khaw nula tumah hmelduh ka la nei ngai rêng rêng lo e ka tih laiin upaten, ‘Kawppui tur chuan ban thal an nawt mai ngai e’ an tih angia tlangval ka nihna min tihtawpsak turin Radio-a a zai ka ngaihthlâk khân ngâihchhawl min lo bân reng tawh chu niin. Keiin ban-thal ka nawt zawk ni maw, anin a nawt zawk ni maw, tûn thlenga ka nupui ni ta Thangpuii nen chuan kum 1976 kum khân, ‘Chheih raw khah, a lawi dawn e’ min tih hnan ta a ni.” (Khâm Kâr Senhri, 122)
a tih te hian ‘Khâm Kâr Senhri’ chu a tak ramah a awm ngei em? He thawnthu hi Remthanga nun thawnthu tak tak a ni em? A taka thil thleng ngei anih chuan, he thawnthua a changtute hi tunah nungdamin an la awm em? tih zawhna a chhiartute rilruah a pe lo thei lo a. Gauhati Station hunlai daih tawha Radio Artist, Mizo hmeichhe zaithiam hmasa te zing ami R.L Rothangpuii pasal, kum 70 mi, tuna North Hlimen khuaa chêng mek Remthanga chuan,
“He thawnthu hi ka nuna thil thleng leh a taka ka tawn vek a ni a. Ka nupui neih hmaa ka ngaihzawng hlui Nêmngaii nena kan chanchin, nupui ka neih hnu daiha ka ziah. James Dokhuma’n lehkhabua tih chhuah tura a edit leh a ni” (Remthanga. Personal Interview. 3rd November, 2020)
tiin he lehkhabu chhunga thu awm zawng zawng hi thu dik, a tak rama thleng ngei vek anih thu a rawn nemnghet ta a. He thawnthua a ṭhianpa Lalauva nen an nula rimnaa an zai leh kawng dunga an zai lo lang fo te pawh chu, mi lungleng thei tak leh zai ngaina mi anih avangin khang laia tlangval zawng zawng te chuan uar vek lem lo mah se, ani chuan zai a ngainat em avanga a chin fo thu leh “Khâm Kâr Senhri” bua lo lang a zaina te chu a tak anih tlangpui thu sawiin, Ngaii nena an inlemnaa ṭawngkam puitling leh mawihnai tak tak hmanga an inbiakna chungchangah pawh, “Khang lai nula te khan khatiang ṭawngkam puitling leh mawi hnai tak tak kha an hmang ṭhin tho a, amah kha a puitling ve hrim hrim te pawh a ni ang” (Remthanga. Personal Interview. 3rd November, 2020) tiin a thawnthu ti ngaihnawm tura belh chawp awm tho mah se, a tak a tam zawk thu a sawi bawk. “Khâm Kâr Senhri” lehkhabu lo pian chhan leh a thawnthua a changtu nu Nemngaii, kum 60, tuna Ngopa, khuaa chêng mek pawhin,
“Lehkhabua chuang zawng zawng kha a tak vek a ni a. Lehkhabu pawh an tih chhuah hnuah ka lo chhiar ve a. Ka ṭawngkam an tarlan te pawh hre chhuak vek thei tawh lo mah ila, thil thleng zawng zawng kha a nihna ang takin an tarlang tlangpui”. (Nemngaii, Personal Interview, 19th November, 2020)
tiin he thawnthua “Khâm Kâr Senhri” hi amah ngei anih thu a rawn nemnghet ve bawk.
Dr. K.C Vannghaka chuan Novel a hrilhfiahnaah, “Novel chu thawnthu phuah thar ni mah se, a taka thil thleng thei leh takna (reality) nei, mihringin a taka a tawn theih ngei ang chi târ lanna thawnthu hi a ni ber.” (Theory of Literature,98) a ti a, Meredith chuan, ‘Mihring nun tak tak kaihtawina a ni’ a ti ve thung a. (Literature Lamtluang, 160) He lehkhabu “KHÂM KÂR SENHRI” kawm hnung lamah hian “James Dokhuma hian lehkhabu sawmli chuang a ziak tawh zingah, KHÂM KÂR SENHRI tih a ziak hi mimal chanchin (Biography) a ziak pathumna a ni a” tih a awm bawk. He lehkhabu hawi zawng hi chi hrang hranga sawi theih ni mah se, tun ṭum atan chuan ‘Biographical Novel a ni’ tiin sawi ila, a lehkhabu nihna tak a sawifiah ber awm e.
Tlangkawmna: Lemchanna dawhsan a ni tih pawm thlap chunga takna kan zawn tlat sina khawvelah hian, “Mihring nun darthlang” fiah tak anih miau avangin Novel hian hlut a la hlawh chho zel ang tih a rinawm a. Tehfung hrang hrang aṭanga Novel/Fiction kal phung zawm tura siamrem luih ni a lang lem lo, a tak ngeia thil thleng dah ṭhat atana ziah chhuah ni mai zawka lang, A bua khawr pum anih hnua Novel/Fiction tehfung hrang hrang mil leh thlap si “Khâm Kâr Senhri” lehkhabu hi, takna pai thawnthu nûng anih miau avangin, “Literature leh mihring nun inzawmna” tifiahtu a ni reng dawn a. Ṭhangtharte hlut pawh a la hlawh chho zel ngei ang.
Works Cited :
Dokhuma, James. Khâm Kâr Senhri, Aizawl, Gilzom Offset Press. R.Lalrawna. 2005.
Remthanga, Personal Interview, 3rd November, 2020
Nemngaii. Personal Interview. 19th November, 2020
Department of Mizo, Mizoram University. Theory of Literature. Aizawl, Lois Bet print and Publication. Department of Mizo, Mizoram University. 2017
Laldinmawia, H. Literature Lamtluang. Aizawl, KL Offset Printers. KL Offset Printers. 2020
Lalthangliana, B. Kaphleia leh C. |huamluaia Hnuhma. Aizawl, The RTM Press. Mizoram Publication Board. 2006
Bibliography :
Dokhuma, James. Kh^m K^r Senhri, Aizawl, Gilzom Offset Press. R.Lalrawna. 2005.
Remthanga, Personal Interview, 3rd November, 2020
Personal Interview, Nemngaii, 19th November, 2020
Department of Mizo, Mizoram University. Theory of Literature. Aizawl, Lois Bet print and Publication. Department of Mizo, Mizoram University. 2017
Laldinmawia, H. Literature Lamtluang. Aizawl, KL Offset Printers. KL Offset Printers. 2020
Lalthangliana, B. Kaphleia leh C. Ṭhuamluaia Hnuhma. Aizawl, The RTM Press. Mizoram Publication Board. 2006
Vannghaka K.C. Dr, Literature Kawngpui, Vanhlupuii, Aizawl, Gilzom Offset: 2010’
Khawlhring Siamkima, Zalenna Ram, M.C.Lalrinthanga, Aizawl, Lengchhawn Press, 1992
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