- Lalremruati Ngente
Kamkeuna : India chhiarpui hnuhnung bera, ziak leh chhiar thiam tam lama point 93.33% hmu chunga pathumna hauh mektu(indiacensus.net) Mizoramah hian, zirna leh a tihhmasawnna kawnga hmeichhiate sulhnu a lian em em a. Hnam hmasawnna atana thil pawimawh berte zing ami, Mizo hnamin tun dinhmun a thlen theih nana hmeichhiate sulhnu leh an hnathawh hi zir tham a tling a ni. African thufing pakhat chuan, “Mipa i zirtir chuan, amahah thiamna chi i tuh a; hmeichhia i zirtir erawh chuan, hnam pum puiah thiamna chi i tuh a ni(If you educate a man, you educate an individual. But, if you educate a woman, you educate a nation)”(jewishjournal.com) a ti a. Zirna leh thiamna kawnga Mizo hnam hmasawnna kawngah pawh hian, hmeichhiaten kawng thar an sah leh an haikuak te, thil thleng ngai lo thlentir a, hnam hmasawnna atana an thawhrah hi a tam hle a. Mizo hmeichhiaten zirna kawnga danglamna an thlen dan leh, an theihna leh thiamna an lan chhuah tirna kawng hrang hrangte chu:
1. Nuin a fa a enkawlna kawngah: Mizo khawtlang nunah hian fa enkawlna kawngah nuin mawhphurhna a la tam em em a. Mizo chhungkaw inkaihhruainaah pa chu eizawngtu tur leh chhungkaw chawmtu tura ngaih, nu chu inchhung enkawl a, fate kilkawitu tur a ni. Khawvel hmasawnah inher chho zel karah nupa a nitin hnathawk a chhuak chi te, chhungkuaa hmeichhia zawk eizawngtu te pawh lo awm ve bawk mah se; Mizo chhungkaw nuna lo bet tlat tawh anih avangin, he ngaihdan leh nunphung hian Mizo khawtlang nun a chhuahsan tak tak thei lo a. Chuvang chuan, naupangin nikhua a rawn hriat tirh a, hmasawnna khawvela hlawhtlinna um a a kawng a rawn zawh ṭan aṭanga Mizo society-ah chuan, zirna kailawn kawhhmuhtu leh chu kawnga kal zirtirtu chu nu a ni fo.
Chuvang chuan nu zirna ngaipawimawh mi a neih leh neih loin, a fate zirna kawnga an hlawhtlin leh hlawhchham inkar thui tak a hril thei a. Nu thil thlir dan leh khawvel a hmachhawn dan chu, a fate hmuh tam ber, an entawn ber anih avangin, chu chuan an zirna kawng thlengin a ṭha lam leh a chhe lamah a nghawng thui thei hle a ni.
PC : Rema Renthlei
2. Mizoram zirna hmasa lama hmeichhiate dinhmun: Kum 1894-a sap missionary te an lo luh hnu lawkah khan zirna in an din nghal a. An zirtir chhuak hmasa mithiam leh rintlak tak takte kha zirtirtu hna thawk zui tam tak an awm bawk. Amaherawhchu, Mizoram education history hrang hrangte han hai kual hian, zirna in enkawltu hmasa lamah khan sap missionary te hming a lansarh viau rualin, Mizo zinga zirtirtu hmasa leh zirna lama thawhhlawk tak tak te hming tam tak hi chhianchhiah zui loha bothlau a awm nualin a lang. A bikin Mizo hmeichhe zirtirtu hmasa leh zirna lama ṭhahnemngai taka ṭan lo la hmasa tute felfai taka chhinchhiah vek an lo ni lo kha, a uiawm hle. Lower Primary(Class III) pass hmasa ber zingah khan hmeichhia an lo tel ve daih tawh a. He exam hmasa ber ni a hriat chungchangah hian hriat dan inang lo hle.
R.B. Zairemmawia chuan chuan 1903 niin a sawi a(Mizo leh Zoram Dairy(10). Lalhmuaka chuan June 25, 1903-ah Zoram puma Lower Primary exam-na hmasa ber neih anih thu a tarlang a, Saii leh Nu-i te hming a tarlang tel bawk(Zoram Zirna Lam Chhinchhiahna, 18). Zoram Sikul Zirna Chanchin buah erawh, kum 1903 hma lamah zirna in, chhinchhiah tlak a awm lo ni a a lan thu leh, June 25, 1893-ah Lower Primary exam-na hmasa ber(Zorama sikul examna hmasa ber) neih anih thu tarlan a ni a, hmeichhia pa-2 leh mipa-7 pass zingah Nu-i leh Sai-i te hming tarlan tel a ni bawk (Lalhmuaka & Upa T.Chawma, 9). C. Lianzawna chuan kum 1903-a Mizo Lower (Class-III) pass hmasa berte zingah hmeichhe pathum Nuii, Saii leh Sakeithangi te hming a tarlang tel thung(Mizoram Education Chanchin, 5). Rev.C. Lianzuala chuan, Mizoram pum huapa Lower Primary Exam hmasa ber chu June 25, 1903-ah neih niin a ziak a, pass zingah Nu-i leh Saii te hming a tarlang bawk(Mizoram School Hmasate, 20,21). Lalzuia Colney chuan Lower Primary Exam hmasa ber hi kum 1901 niin a tarlang a, mi 25 exam zingah 19 an tling nia sawiin, pass zingah Nuii leh Saii te hming a tarlang tel bawk (Mizoram kum 100, 114).
Kum 1930-a chhim biala sikul 26-a zirlai 555 zinga 55 chu hmeichhia an ni(Mizo Education Chanchin,10). Kum 1944 a din Mizo High School-a Matric exam hmasa ber(1948-a exam) zingah khan hmeichhia sawmpakhat, Zokhumi, Thangngovi, Thankhumi, Rozami, Saplianchhungi, Thanchhumi, Malsawmi, Dengchhungi, Thangpuii, Roṭhuami leh Rualkhumi te an lo tel ve daih tawh bawk(,…19).
3. Mizo hmeichhiate zirna kalkawng : Kum 1903-a din PC Girl’s School-ah khan sap missionary te haw hnua Mizo Headmistress hmasa ber Saptawni leh a thawhpuite Chhingpuii, Ralliani, Zokhumi, Lalrinpuii leh zirtirtu dangte khan zirna kawngah theihtawp chhuahin ṭan an lo la a, PC Girl’s School hian hmeichhe hlawhtling leh chhuanawm tak takte pawh a chher chhuak hnem hle(Hmeichhe Sikul Centenary :1903-2003, 18) Zirnain hma a sawn chhoh zelna karah zirna tihhmasawnna kawngah hmeichhe lam pawhin an thawhhlawk chho zel a. Kum 1938-ah chuan zirlaibuah Mizo hmeichhe kuchhuak liau liau Serkawn Graded Reader I, II leh III-Nuchhungi kutchhuak te pawh a rawn awm ve ta hial mai(Sakhming Chullo, 163). Chutiang chuan zirna in enkawlna kawngah pawh Mizo hmeichhiaten an thawhhlawk chho tial tial a, kum 1991-ah chuan High School pahnih-ah Headmistress Denghmingthangi (Girls High School) leh Thanchhingi (M Girls High School) te an lo awm ve ta hial a ni.
Hun hmasa lamah khan hmeichhiate hian zirna kawngah harsatna tam tak an tawk a. Mizo chhungkaw nunah hmeichhiate chu chhungkaw enkawltu tura ngaih leh chhungkua a chhawr theih hmasak an nih avangin nu leh pa tam tak chuan an fanuten lehkha an zir thui kha an phal meuh lo ṭhin. Hmeichhe naupangte pawhin inchhung sekrek khawih leh ei rawngbawlah an nute an chhawk thei thuai a, nau awmtu atan leh inchhung enkawltu atana an ṭangkaina avang te, pasal neia an thiamna chhawr hman mang loha mi ina lawi luhpui leh daih tura ngaihna avangtein nu leh pa ṭhenkhat chuan an fanute chu zirna kawnga thui tak an kal ve ṭul an ti lem lo ṭhin. Chung harsatna hrang hrang karah chuan, thiamna kawnga Mizo hnamin hma a sawn theih nante, thlirna zau zawk aṭanga Mizo hnamin a khaw hawi a thlak theih nan te an lo bei ṭauh ṭauh a. An thawh rah chuan zirna leh kawng hrang hrangah Mizo hmeichhe chhuanawm tak tak a rawn hring chhuak chho zel bawk.
4. Zirna kawnga Mizo hmeichhiate hmasawnna : Varhlunchhungi’n 1927-ah Matric a pass a, Lalsangpuii’n 1942-ah BA pass lehin, Lalziki’n 1952-ah M.ed a rawn pass leh bawk.Rokimi’n 1961-ah M,Sc a pass a, 1963-ah chuan B.Sc Nursing hmasa ber Thanpari’n a rawn zo veleh bawk. Heng te hi mi hmasate an ni a, an hnungah hmeichhe chhuanawm tak tak an rawn chhuak chho zel bawk. 1964-ah chuan hmeichhe medical doctor hmasa ber Dr.Lalengi’n MBBS a rawn zo leh a, hmeichhe B.Com hmasa Vanhlupuii, 1970 te, hmeichhe BT hmasa Lalsangpuii 1954 te, National Award for Nurses dawng hmasa ber-Sister Challiani, 1954 te, Mizo hmeichhe zinga M.th leh D.th hmasa ber(Mizo Who’s Who, 191), hmeichhe Pastor hmasa ber ni bawk(2012) R.L.Hnuni te, All India Service a Mizo hmeichhe lut hmasa ber Lalnuntluangi Tochhawng(1984) ICAS te an rawn chhuak chho ta zut zut a.
Zirna lamah hmeichhia an langsar chho tial tial a, zirna lamah a tiṭha pawlah hmeichhe hming a rawn lang zut zut a, sorkar hna leh private institution/company hna lakna hrang hrangah hmeichhe hming a lang tam tial tial a, Central service lamah pawh mi 6 zet Lalnuntluangi Tochhawng-ICAS(1984), Baby Zoremsangi-IIS(1997), Lalmuanpuii Saiawi-IFS(2005), Christina Zothanpari Chawngthu-IAS(2001), Saidingpuii Chhakchhuak-IAS(2008), Grace Lalrindiki Pachuau-IAS(2013) te an rawn lang chho ta zut zut mai. Tunah hian Mizoram Civil Service(MCS) officer service lai 162 ( 17.10.2022 thleng) zinga 68 (41.98%) chu hmeichhia an ni(dpar.mizoram.gov.in). Khawvel huap pawha hna sang leh zahawm Chartered Accountant, Mizo zinga la awm chhun R.S.Roneihpuii, Jewel Lalṭhasangzeli Fanai leh Laltluangkimi Chinzah te hi hmeichhia vek an la ni bawk.
5. Ram rorelna leh khawtlang inkaihhruainaah Mizo hmeichhiate: Mizo hmeichhiate hian zirna leh a kaihhnawih kawng hrang hrangah Mizo hnamin hma a sawn nan, kaw zimte an hmuh pawha luhna kawng zawng zelin an lo bei a. mahse, politics huang chhungah hian Mizo mipui rilruah hmeichhia an lo tla na vak lo a ni mahna, ram rorelna fawng chelhtute zingah hmeichhia an la tam lo hle a ni. Kum 1972 khan Mizo hmeichhe MLA hmasa ber atan Saptawni chu thlan tlin a ni a. Ani hi Bible chang Assembly-a chhiar rawt chhuaktu a ni a(Personal Interview, Laltluangliana Khiangte) Synod Preacher ni ṭhin, Mizoram Presbyterian Kohhrana, hmeichhia kohhran upa atana thlan tlin hmasak ber ni bawk(1978), India rama chawimawina ropui, National Award for Teacher’s(1979) te pawh lo dawng tawh a ni bawk a. Ram hruaitu anih chhunga a hnathawh leh a thil hnutchhiah pawh a ropui hle a ni. Kum 1987-ah Lalhlimpuii chu thlan tlin ani leh a, ani hi Mizo hmeichhe minister hmasa ber a ni a(www.hindustantimes.com).Kum 2014-ah Lalawmpuii Chawngthu thlan tlin ni lehin, ani hi Mizo hmeichhe minister pahnihna leh a hnuhnung ber a la ni ta rih a ni.(dipr.mizoram.gov.in).
Tun dinhmuna zirna kawnga hmeichhiate hmalakna: Zirna kawnga a tiṭha zingah hmeichhia an pung chho zel a, zirna tihhmasawnna kawnga ke pen tura inpe leh zirna in lama hnathawk tura luhchilh Mizo hmeichhia an pung chho zel bawk. Tunah hian Mizoram University-a zirtirtu mi 267 zinga 68(25.47%) chu hmeichhia an ni a(mzu.edu.in), Pachhunga University College zirtirtui 117 zinga 32 (27.35%) chu hmeichhia an ni a(pucollege.edu.in), Govt. Hrangbana College zirtirtu 71 zinga 42(59.16%) chu hmeichhia an ni bawk(ghbc.edu.in). Govt Aizawl College-ah zirtirtu 50 zinga 36(72%) chu hmeichhia an ni a(gac.ac.in), Govt. Aizawl North College-ah zirtirtu 39 zinga 17(43.59%) chu hmeichhia niin(ganc.mizoram.gov.in), Govt Aizawl West College zirtirtu 34 zinga 19(55.89%) chu hmeichhia an ni bawk(gawc.edu.in). Govt. Johnson College zirtirtu 31 zinga 13(41.94%) chu hmeichhia an ni a(gjc.ac.in), Govt. T.Romana College zirtirtu 32 zinga 17(53.13%) chu hmeichhia niin(trcollege.edu.in), Govt.J.Thankima College zirtirtu 41 zinga 23(57%) chu hmeichhia an ni bawk(jtc.edu.in). ICFAI University zirtirtu 28 zinga 18(64.29%) chu hmeichhia an ni a(iumizoram.edu.in), Mizoram Christian College zirtirtu 27 zinga 18(66.67%) chu hmeichhia an ni bawk(mizoramchristiancollege.org).
Zoram Medical College zirtirtu 145 zinga 62(42.76%) chu hmeichhia an ni(zmc.edu.in). College zirtirtu mi 1408 zinga 738(52.42%) hi hmeichhia an ni a, Higher Secondary School zirtirtu1900 zinga 878(46.22%) hmeichhia an ni. High School-ah zirtirtu 4306 zinga 1465(34%) hmeichhia an ni a, Middle School-ah zirtirtu 9085 zinga 3764(41.44%) hmeichhia an ni a, Primary School-ah zirtirtu 8397 zinga 4709(56.07%) chu hmeichhia an ni bawk(Presentation: H.Malsawmi)
6. Mizo hmeichhia zirna lama chawimawina sang dawngtute: Mizo hmeichhe zingah hian zirna leh thu leh hla(Literature & Education) lamah India rama chawimawina sang Padma Shree mi 5 laiin an dawng tawh a. Nuchhungi Renthlei(1986) te, Khawlkungi (1987) te, Buangi Sailo(2011) te, Lalsangzuali Sailo (1998) leh K.C. Runremsangi(2023, Folk Music) te hi an ni. K.C.Runremsangi hi Folk Music category aṭanga dawng a ni a. Pi pute zai sa thiam tak, ṭhangtharte khawvela Mizo hla hlui chawinungtu a nih bakah, Art & Culture Department-ah hnam lâm zirtirtu a ni a. Zai leh lâm hmanga Mizo culture chawinungtu leh ṭhangtharte tana zirtirtu a nihna hi a chhinchhiah tlak hle. Midang palite hi Literature & Education aṭanga dawng vek an ni a. Zirna lama an thawhhlawk avangte, thu leh hla hmanga mipuite hnena zirtirna an pek ṭhin avangte, khawtlang, ram leh hnam tana an theihna leh thiamna hlu tak hlantu an nih avanga chawimawina dawngtute an ni. Mizo hmeichhe matric pass hmasa berin, pawl sawm a pass aṭanga kum 100 em pawh a tlin hma, kum 96 vel lekah Mizo hmeichhia mi panga zet an thiamna leh thawhrimna avanga India rama chawimawina sang dawng thei an awm hi a ropui takzet a ni.
Tlangkawmna : Education Activist, a chanchin lungchhiatthlak, ngaihnawm leh khawvel mipui thinlung chawkthotu, I am Malala: The Girl Who stood Up for Education and Was shot by the Taliban tih lehkhabu leh Nobel Peace Prize Laureate naupang ber a nihna aṭanga khawvelin a hmelhriat, Malala Yousafzai chuan, “Mipa pakhatin engkim a chawkbuai/tichhe thei anih chuan, engvangin nge hmeichhe pakhatin a thlak danglam theih loh bik ang?(If one man can destroy everything, why can’t one girl change it)”(www.independent.co.uk) a ti a. Mizo hmeichhe chhuanawm tak tak, Mizorama zirna hmelhmang thlak danglam a, an theihna leh an thiamna Mizo hnam tana rawn sawr chhuak tute hian he rilru hi an nunpui tlat niin a lang.
Mizoram economy leh kan nunphung thlirin, zirna lama kan harsatna tawh leh kan nunphung nena a inkungkaih dan chu a lang chiang nghal mai a. Chung harsatna tam tak karah chuan Mizoramin zirna kawngah tun dinhmun hi a thlen theih nan theihtawpin hma an la a. An ram tana thiamna leh finna hai chhuah an tumna lamah, an arkhaw thim dai nawk nawk chang pawh a awm ngei ang. Mahse, an thinlungah hnam dangte thlen phak chu, Mizo hmeichhe theihnain a thleng pha tih an chiang a. Khawvelin hlawhtlinna sang leh hna ropui ber bera a ngaih ṭhuthleng luah pha a an invawrhkai thei hian, chu chu a nemnghet a ni. He hnam hian tun ai a mawi leh ngaihnawm leh zualin khawvel hriat a la hlawh zel ang a, chutih hunah chuan khawvelin Mizo hmeichhia hi eng nge anih a la hria ang
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